Lulius vs Silex: how they compare in 2026
Lulius and Silex do the same job for different legal systems: answer a lawyer's question from one country's law, with a reference under every statement. Lulius covers German federal law and EU law. It answers from more than 4,600 federal statutes and regulations and more than 80,000 federal court decisions, adds EU regulations and directives with Court of Justice case law, and drafts opinions, letters and file analyses. It connects to the Actaport practice management system, works as a source inside Claude, ChatGPT and Mistral through MCP, and keeps data in Europe. Silex covers Swiss federal and cantonal law in French, German, Italian and English, drawing on more than 800,000 sources updated daily, including doctrine and commentary built in house. It drafts from its answers, runs agents for anonymization, translation and comparison, and keeps all data on a Swiss owned cloud in Geneva with self hosted models. Silex publishes plans from CHF 149 a month. A practice working mainly under German and EU law gets that coverage in Lulius. A Swiss practice gets research down to the canton, in its own languages, from Silex.
At a glance
All 15 axes, side by side
The same grid applied to every vendor in the index, graded from public sources. Hover a grade to see what the letter means on that axis.
AI Centrality
How much of the product is actually AI. Whether the machine learning is the mechanism the buyer is paying for or a feature layered onto conventional software, and whether the vendor is specific about which is which.
The language model is the product, working over a legal collection that is free to reuse. Every paid plan is metered in questions, 15 a month for consumers, 100 for a solo lawyer and 1,000 for a firm, and the first question is free. Answers come from retrieval augmented generation: the system first retrieves the relevant statutes and decisions and then writes the answer from them. Section 2 of the Terms of July 2026 describes the service as based on large language models from Anthropic, Claude, and an indexed database of German statutory texts. Opinions, analysis of files up to 600 pages, comparison of several documents, letters and deadline review all come out of the same model. The statutes and federal decisions come from the government's open portal and are public domain. The free calculators for deadlines, costs and interest run on deterministic engines set apart from the AI, and a connector lets Claude, ChatGPT and Mistral draw on the same statutes, decisions and calculators.
Research answered by a model reasoning over a Swiss legal collection is the product, and legal research is unlimited on every plan. Drafting turns an answer into a memo, letter or clause, and agents handle anonymization, translation, document comparison, transcription, minutes and notarial forms. Silo extends the same retrieval to a firm's own documents. Without the models, what would remain is a collection of sources with no product built around it.
Citation Accuracy and Hallucination Disclosure
Whether the vendor publishes measured accuracy on citations and assertions, grounds output to primary sources, and says plainly what its system does when it does not know. Legal has a documented public record of fabricated citations reaching filed briefs, so an untested claim of accuracy is not evidence.
Answers are formed from the indexed sources by retrieval augmented generation rather than from a language model's memory, with a source reference under every statement. The German case law collection holds 84,418 decisions of the seven federal supreme courts from January 2010 to September 2026. Each decision page links to the official version, which Lulius calls authoritative, and 54,879 of the decisions carry an ECLI identifier. EU law answers cite the article, recital or paragraph number. Deadlines, costs and interest are calculated by deterministic engines with the legal basis shown, so those figures do not depend on the model. No evaluation, error rate or test set is published. The comparison of seven legal AI products, which Lulius runs and says so, compares prices, coverage and hosting rather than accuracy. Section 2 of the Terms gives no warranty for completeness, correctness or currency. A lawyer named only by initial says on the home page that the opinion drafts are at a level he knows from no other tool, a testimonial rather than a measurement.
Every answer is built from retrieved Swiss sources and returned with full citations, such as articles of the Code of Obligations or Federal Supreme Court decisions by reference, so a lawyer can open and check each one. Retrieval can be narrowed by canton, field of law and source type, and citations carry into drafts. Silex describes its design as protected against invented citations. No accuracy figure, test set or error rate is published, and the terms disclaim the accuracy, completeness and relevance of answers.
Autonomy and Oversight Model
What the system decides on its own, what a lawyer must approve, and whether the vendor documents where the review point sits. A tool that drafts under review and a tool that files without one are different products and different risks.
The Actaport integration never lets the model write into Actaport itself. Each action, whether a provisional deadline, a case note, a Word draft, a task or a fee item, is a button with a preview that the lawyer confirms. Deadlines arrive marked for approval, which keeps a second person's check in place. Lulius says that where a case needs a lawyer's review, the system says so, and the compliance page says the lawyer's responsibility for the matter is unaffected. Deadlines, costs and interest come from deterministic engines rather than the model. Section 2 of the Terms describes answers as information, not legal advice, and gives no warranty on them. Nothing describes how a lawyer checks an opinion draft before it is used, what triggers the warning that a lawyer is needed, or what happens after an answer proves wrong. Consumers receive a first assessment with a risk traffic light, and no review step stands between the answer and their decision.
The product is framed as a thinking partner rather than an answer machine: it supplies sources and reasoning for the lawyer to build a position on. Each answer is documented and cited, ready to verify before use, and drafts open for editing before export. Section 10 of the terms makes the client responsible for evaluating the relevance and correctness of each response before applying it to a case. Agents run single tasks on documents the user supplies. No stopping point or route after a wrong answer is described.
Operational and Outcome Evidence
Named, dated evidence that the product works in production at real firms or legal departments. Case studies with figures and identified customers count. Unattributed testimonials and launch announcements do not.
Three testimonials are published, none with a full name, a date or a method behind its figure. A specialist employment lawyer in Munich, given as RA Dr. M. Schreiber, says he saves at least an hour of research per matter and that the opinion drafts are at a level he knows from no other tool. A tenant in Berlin, given as Sarah K., says Lulius showed her in two minutes that the rent cap applied to a 20 percent increase, which would have cost €300 at a lawyer. RA J. Hofmann of Kanzlei Hofmann and Partner in Hamburg, a firm of four lawyers, calls the firm suite a game changer for deadline review, matter preparation and team management, without a figure. Lulius also says lawyers spend 3.5 hours a day on research, with no source. No case study, customer list, user count or press coverage is published, and the about page states no founding date or team size.
More than 800 law firms, notary offices, tax advisories and corporate legal departments use Silex, by its own count. Named voices include Privera's head of property management, an attorney and tax expert at Boivin Sarl and a partner at Valfor Avocats, alongside a national councillor and a former head of legal at private banks. The quotes describe faster research and fewer invented references, and the site claims up to 85% savings on legal database subscriptions, with no figure tied to a named customer.
Privilege and Confidentiality Posture
How client confidences are handled: attorney client privilege and work product treatment, segregation of one client matter from another, whether client data trains any model, and what the vendor commits to in writing rather than in marketing.
Lulius addresses secrecy, training, provider retention and deletion in writing, and separates data at the customer level. Its compliance page summarizes the data processing agreement of July 2026, which takes effect in text form when a lawyer registers for a professional plan. Part B binds the provider to secrecy under section 43e of the Federal Lawyers' Act without time limit and instructs it on criminal liability under section 203 of the Criminal Code. Subcontractors must commit to secrecy in text form. Customer content is not used to train AI models, and AI requests are processed in Frankfurt, not stored permanently and kept within the European Union. The privacy policy of May 2026 adds that the agreements with Anthropic and the terms of Amazon Bedrock exclude training and permanent storage. Data is separated between customers at database level with row level security, and deletion runs immediately from production and within 30 days from backups. The full agreement is shown only to registered professionals, and the summary is not binding by its own statement. Separation between matters or users inside a firm is not described, and consumer plans carry no such agreement.
Section 13 of the terms commits Ex Nunc Intelligence to absolute confidentiality over every question and document a client submits, expressly including material under professional secrecy in Article 321 of the Swiss Criminal Code. Client data serves only that client's own questions, is never used for the company's own account or to improve its AI, and is trained on only with the client's prior consent. Breaches are reported promptly, and at the end of the agreement data is returned or destroyed with confirmation. Each organization's documents sit in a dedicated retrieval silo that is never mixed with another's. The terms still recommend anonymizing documents before upload. Separation between matters or users inside one firm is not described.
UPL and Professional Responsibility Posture
Whether the vendor is clear that it supplies a tool rather than legal advice, who its audience is, and how it addresses unauthorized practice of law, competence and supervision duties, and jurisdiction limits. ABA Formal Opinion 512 is the reference point. Where the advice line is not the duty a product raises, the axis is read through the nearest professional duty it does raise: judicial conduct rules and the reviewing duty for products sold only to courts, and the duty to bill for time actually spent for products that draft time entries.
Section 2 of the Terms of July 2026 says answers are expressly not legal advice under the Legal Services Act and do not replace individual advice from a licensed lawyer. The compliance and features pages define the product as legal information and a first assessment rather than a legal service, with the lawyer's responsibility for the matter unaffected. The system tells the user where a case needs a lawyer's review, and the consumer plan includes a referral to a lawyer. The FAQ adds that Lulius works with partner firms to offer reviewed legal advice when needed. Coverage limits are stated precisely, covering German federal law, federal supreme court decisions since 2010 and EU law with the case law of the Court of Justice, with no lower courts. Austrian and Swiss editions are on waitlists. The product is also sold to consumers, to managers and accountants who need no legal training, and to tax advisers, while the Terms address one undifferentiated user. A tenant's testimonial values a two minute answer at the €300 a lawyer would have cost. Professional duties are framed as data protection and secrecy duties, not as supervision of the output.
Use is limited to legal professionals, named as attorneys, notaries, licensed business agents and in house counsel, and judicial and law enforcement authorities are excluded except for preparatory work. Section 10 of the terms states that nothing the platform provides is personalized legal advice or replaces consultation with a legal professional. The coverage is Swiss law throughout. Supervision and competence duties beyond professional secrecy are not discussed.
AI Governance and Bias Disclosure
Published governance over model behavior: who owns it inside the vendor, what is tested before release, and what is disclosed about disparate output across matter types, parties, or populations.
No governance position on the AI is published, for a service that writes legal opinions for lawyers and first assessments for consumers. No accountable owner, testing regime, evaluation of the model across practice areas or kinds of user, or finding is named, and the EU AI Act is not mentioned. The editorial page describes a process for the published guides: real user questions, primary sources and checks against the original texts before publication, with confirmed errors corrected and the change date reset. That process covers the articles rather than the product's answers. The comparison of seven legal AI products discloses that Lulius runs it. Retrieval from the statutes and deterministic engines for deadlines and costs limit risk by design, and are presented as features rather than as a governed program.
Silex publishes no AI governance policy, set of principles, testing method or named owner. The AI instructions page summarizes the company and product for automated readers rather than setting out governance, and nothing addresses uneven answers across cantons, languages or fields of law.
AI Safety and Data Stewardship
Retention, deletion, access control, and what happens to prompts and documents after they are processed. Whether the vendor states its subprocessors and its incident practice, or leaves the buyer to assume.
Retention, deletion, access control, named subprocessors, change notice and breach notice are all published. The privacy policy of May 2026 names six processors with location and role. Among them are Supabase in Frankfurt for the database, Anthropic through Amazon Bedrock in Frankfurt for the models, and Voyage AI in Palo Alto for embeddings, with vectors kept in an EU database. Conversations and messages are deleted within 30 days after an account is closed, invoices are kept up to ten years, and AI requests are not stored permanently. The compliance page summarizes the data processing agreement of July 2026. Data is deleted immediately from production and within 30 days from backups, backups run daily, and encryption is TLS 1.2 or higher in transit and AES 256 at rest. Production access needs two factors and is limited to named administrators, and customers are separated by row level security. Any subprocessor added or replaced is notified in text form with 14 days to object, and breaches are notified within 48 hours. The full agreement and its Annex 3 subprocessor list are visible only to registered professionals, and the page says only the full text binds.
Retention is specific. On the basic plan, research history stays on the user's device; where history is kept, it is encrypted and held in Switzerland, and Incognito mode stores nothing in the database, backups or logs. Any question or the whole profile can be deleted on demand, deleted data leaves backups after 14 days and technical logs are kept for 30 days. Data sits on Infomaniak in Geneva under LUKS2 AES-256 encryption with keys in an isolated vault, uploaded files are encrypted before upload, and Azure in Switzerland North computes without storing client data. Access follows least privilege, infrastructure is managed in house as code with no outside managed access, and Seculabs ran an independent penetration test in December 2025. Prompt notice of any breach affecting client data is a contractual duty.
AI Liability and Recourse
What the vendor stands behind contractually when its output is wrong. Indemnities, caps, carve outs, insurance, and whether any of it is published or only reachable through a negotiated agreement.
Section 8 of the Terms of July 2026 makes the provider liable without limit for injury to life, body or health and for intent and gross negligence. For slight negligence it is liable only for breach of an essential contractual duty, limited to the damage typical of the contract and foreseeable when it was concluded, and Product Liability Act claims are unaffected. No monetary cap is stated. The same section excludes liability for decisions a user makes on the basis of information Lulius outputs, and section 2 gives no warranty for the completeness, correctness or currency of answers. No indemnity, warranty on output, insurance or service level is published. The one remedy on offer is commercial, a full refund within 30 days without reasons, and consumers keep their statutory right of withdrawal under section 5. A wrong citation in a filed brief, or a consumer's wrong decision on a first assessment, stays with the user.
Section 11 of the terms bars any claim for damages unless the company acted intentionally or with gross negligence, and lists direct or indirect damage from relying on the platform's results among the exclusions. The platform is provided as is, without warranty on the accuracy, completeness or relevance of answers. No cap figure, indemnity or insurance is stated. Misuse by a client carries a contractual penalty of CHF 50,000 per case.
Practice Systems Integration Depth
How deeply the product reaches into the systems legal work already lives in: document management such as iManage and NetDocuments, Word and Outlook, contract lifecycle management, matter management, e-billing, and court filing systems.
Lulius documents one practice management integration in full, with Actaport. The integration page lists eight functions. Lulius can attach case files to a conversation, import case documents, create provisional deadlines from calculations and save answers as case notes. It can also upload Word drafts, create tasks and follow ups, transfer fee items from cost calculations and look up case details. The model reads the parties and their roles, the area of law, the value in dispute, and case documents in PDF, image, Word, Excel or email format up to 10 MB. It writes nothing itself; each write is a button with a preview the lawyer confirms, and deadlines arrive pending approval. Setup takes three steps: requesting technical user credentials from Actaport, entering four values in the integrations section, and working through the case button in chat. The integration is included in the Solo, Solo Plus and Kanzlei plans without using up questions. A Model Context Protocol server lets Claude, ChatGPT and Mistral use Lulius's statutes, federal decisions and calculators as a source. Any account gets five calls a month free, and Solo and Kanzlei get unlimited fair use. RA-MICRO, advoware and AnNoText offer no open interface, Lulius says, and no Word, Outlook, document management or electronic mailbox connection is published.
Every plan includes connected applications, with SharePoint named, and Silo brings a firm's contracts, templates and know how into a dedicated store for querying beside the public sources. Sign in works through Microsoft Entra ID, SAML or OpenID Connect, and drafts export to Word or PDF. What the SharePoint connection moves, in which direction and what a firm configures is not described, and no document management or practice management system is named.
Deployment Model and Data Residency
Where the software runs and where the data sits. Multi tenant cloud, single tenant, private deployment, on premises, and whether region of residence is a published option or an enterprise conversation.
Lulius states where data is stored and where each kind of processing happens, provider by provider, for a single hosted service. The compliance page says accounts, conversations and documents are held only in the European Union, in the Frankfurt am Main region, in data centers certified to ISO 27001 and SOC 2. AI requests are processed only in Frankfurt and do not leave the Union. The privacy policy of May 2026 gives each processor's location. The Supabase database is in Frankfurt. The Claude models run through Amazon Bedrock in its Frankfurt region, with AWS EMEA SARL as the contracting party and standard contractual clauses for any remaining third country link. Web hosting is on Vercel in Frankfurt, dictation runs through ElevenLabs in Warsaw, and embeddings go through Voyage AI in Palo Alto, with the vectors stored only in the EU database. Voyage receives only the abstracted query term, without user, account or payment data. The service is delivered as software as a service with customers separated in the database, and no private instance, choice of region or difference in hosting between plans is offered.
All client data and backups are stored on Infomaniak, a Swiss owned cloud in Geneva, with load balancing and redundancy also in Switzerland. Processing runs on Azure in the Switzerland North region and holds no client data, so storage and processing locations are stated apart. The language models are self hosted, and each organization's documents live in their own retrieval silo. Switzerland is the only region, by design, and every plan runs on the same setup.
Security Certifications and Trust Center
Independent attestation a buyer can pull without a sales call: SOC 2, ISO 27001, penetration test summaries, a trust center with current reports and named scope rather than a badge image.
Lulius claims no certification for itself or its operator; the certifications it names belong to the data centers. Its compliance page says hosting runs in data centers certified to ISO 27001 and SOC 2, without naming whose certificates they are. The privacy policy places the database with Supabase, the models with Amazon Web Services and web hosting with Vercel, all in Frankfurt. The compliance page also summarizes the technical and organizational measures from the data processing agreement. Every connection uses TLS 1.2 or higher, currently TLS 1.3, and data at rest is encrypted with AES 256. Production access needs two factor authentication and is limited to named administrators, customers are separated by row level security, and backups run daily. No certificate, audit report, penetration test, certifying body or trust center for Elivya UG or the Lulius service is published, and none is offered on request.
No independent attestation is held yet. ISO 27001 is targeted for the third quarter of 2026, and the security page describes an independent penetration test by Seculabs in December 2025 that found no breach. No SOC 2 report, certificate or trust center is offered.
Model Supply Chain Disclosure
Which models sit underneath, whose they are, where they run, and whether the vendor commits to telling customers when that changes. A legal buyer inherits every dependency it cannot see.
The model family, its provider, the route it runs on, the region and notice of change are all published. Section 2 of the Terms of July 2026 says the service is based on large language models from Anthropic, Claude. The privacy policy of May 2026 says Claude runs through Amazon Bedrock in its Frankfurt region, with AWS EMEA SARL as the contracting party. Both the agreements with Anthropic and the Bedrock service terms exclude training on requests and permanent storage. The same policy names Voyage AI of Palo Alto for embeddings and ElevenLabs of Warsaw for speech recognition, and the embedding service receives only the abstracted query term. The data processing agreement, as the compliance page summarizes it, commits to notice in text form before any subprocessor is added or replaced. Customers have 14 days to object for data protection or professional reasons, with a special right to terminate on both sides if the customer objects. Which Claude model or version answers is not stated, and a change of model within Anthropic's family is not covered by the subprocessor notice.
The language models are self hosted, and no data is sent to outside AI providers. They run on Azure compute in Switzerland North, with all persistent data on Infomaniak. Which models are used and whose they are is not stated, and no notice of a change in model is promised.
Commercial Transparency
Whether a buyer can learn what this costs without entering a sales process: published rates, the unit being charged, what sits behind an enterprise tier, and what implementation adds.
Three plans are priced with their units and quotas, and anything larger is arranged in a meeting. The consumer plan is €19 a month for 15 questions and Solo Anwalt €99 a month for 100 questions. Kanzlei is €499 a month for 1,000 questions shared by a team, with five users included. Prices are shown gross and net, and section 4 of the Terms of July 2026 says all prices include VAT. Every plan is cancelable monthly with a full refund within 30 days without reasons, the first question is free, and the Terms set a minimum term of one month with monthly renewal through Stripe. The comparison page repeats the €99 and €499 figures as starting points. Extra questions once a quota is used, seats beyond five and the Solo Plus plan named on the Actaport integration page are not priced. Buyers who need a higher quota are invited to book an appointment. No implementation fee applies to the self serve plans, the Actaport integration is included without using up questions, and section 10 gives six weeks' notice by email of changes to the Terms.
Prices are published in Swiss francs, excluding VAT. Solo costs CHF 149 a month, or CHF 1,440 a year, with 10 agent credits and 20 GB of storage. Team covers up to five seats at CHF 490 a month or CHF 5,280 a year with 100 credits and 200 GB. Enterprise covers up to ten seats at CHF 895 a month or CHF 9,600 a year with 300 credits and 500 GB. Legal research is unlimited on every plan, a Custom plan is quoted, and a 7 day trial needs no card.
Firm and Practice Coverage
Who the product is actually built for. AmLaw, midlaw, small firm and solo, in house departments, government and courts, and which practice areas are supported rather than merely claimed.
Lulius bounds its legal coverage precisely and sells to a broad audience. The German case law collection holds the seven federal supreme courts from January 2010 to September 2026 and excludes lower courts, decisions before 2010 and the European courts. A separate EU law module adds 91,027 regulations, directives and decisions from EUR-Lex and 7,280 consolidated versions. It also holds 21,132 judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union from 1954 to 2026 and 11,321 Advocate General opinions. Statutes are limited to more than 4,600 federal statutes and regulations, so state law is outside the collection. Austrian and Swiss editions are on waitlists, with the Austrian collection being built on the RIS federal legal information system. Plans address consumers, solo lawyers and firms of five users. A companies page offers the product to management, HR, purchasing and accounting with no legal training needed, and a tax adviser page sells the same plans for research across the federal tax statutes. Practice areas are not listed as such, though the calculators and the companies page point to employment, tenancy, family, inheritance, debt collection and data protection. No page says which kinds of legal work the product handles poorly, or whether in house legal departments are served.
Silex covers Swiss federal and cantonal law in four languages for law firms, notaries, fiduciaries and tax advisers, corporate legal departments and regulated institutions, from the solo office to teams of ten and beyond on custom terms. Questions can be scoped by canton, field of law and source type. Judicial and law enforcement authorities are excluded except for preparatory work. Fields of law where the collection is thinner are not identified.
The 12 legal signals, side by side
Recorded rather than graded. These are the questions a practitioner has to answer before a tool touches a client matter, and the answers are taken from public material only.
Client Data in Training
Can material a lawyer puts into this product be used to train a model?
Customer content is not used to train AI models, the compliance page says, presenting this as a summary of the data processing agreement of July 2026. The full agreement is shown only to registered professionals. The home page adds that client data is anonymized and never used for AI training. The privacy policy of May 2026 says the agreements with Anthropic and the Amazon Bedrock terms exclude training on requests, and the Terms of July 2026 do not address training.
Section 13 of the Silex terms states that client data serves only that client's own questions, is never used for the company's own account and is not used to improve its AI systems. A further clause allows training only with the client's prior consent. The security page adds that user data never trains or fine tunes the models.
Prompt and Output Retention
How long does the product keep what a lawyer typed, and can that be set to zero?
AI requests are not stored permanently, according to the compliance page, and data is deleted immediately from production systems and within 30 days from backups. The privacy policy of May 2026 says conversations and messages are deleted within 30 days after an account is closed. No zero retention setting for stored conversations is described.
Users choose how much is kept. Incognito requests store nothing in the database, backups or logs; on the basic plan history stays on the user's device; otherwise history is encrypted and held in Switzerland. Any question or the whole profile can be deleted on demand, deleted data clears from backups after 14 days, and technical logs last 30 days.
Ethical Walls and Matter Segregation
Does retrieval respect the firm’s ethical walls, or can the model read across them?
Customers are separated at database level with row level security, the compliance page says, and the Terms say that on the Kanzlei plan the team members unlocked by the firm determine access. Nothing describes separation between matters or between users inside a firm.
Each organization's documents sit in a dedicated retrieval table that is never mixed with another organization's, and access runs through single sign on with Entra ID, SAML or OpenID Connect. Separation between matters or users inside one organization is not described.
Third Party Request and Subpoena Notice
If someone subpoenas the vendor for a firm’s data, does the firm hear about it first?
Under the privacy policy of May 2026, data is passed on only with consent, where the operator is legally obliged, or to defend against abuse, with no language on notice to the customer. The Terms of July 2026 and the compliance page summary of the data processing agreement do not address requests from courts or authorities, and no transparency report is published.
Client data may not be disclosed to any third party without the client's prior written authorization. Neither the terms nor the privacy policy address a request from an authority or a court, or notice to the client if one arrives.
Primary Law Corpus Provenance
Where does the law in this product come from, and does the vendor have the right to use it?
The German case law collection of 84,418 decisions of the seven federal supreme courts from 2010 comes from the open collection of the federal legal information portal. Lulius says court decisions are official works in the public domain under section 5 of the Copyright Act, and the collection currently runs to 29 September 2026 and is updated regularly. The EU law module takes its 91,027 legal acts and 7,280 consolidated versions from EUR-Lex.
The more than 4,600 federal statutes and regulations are not traced to a source, and no update cadence is stated for any part of the collection.
The collection draws on public databases, mainly federal and cantonal legislation and case law, including the Swiss federal compilation, and on legal scholarship written by authors who work with the company. Doctrine and commentary are built in house rather than licensed, more than 800,000 sources are held, and the collection is updated daily.
Good Law Verification
Does the product tell you when the authority it just cited has been overruled?
Each decision page links to the official version and calls it authoritative, and section 2 of the Terms gives no warranty for the currency of answers. No check of whether a cited decision was later overturned or a provision amended is described.
Answers cite decisions and legislation by reference, but nothing describes a check on whether a cited decision has been overturned or a provision amended since.
Refusal and Uncertainty Behavior
What does the product do when the answer is not in the corpus?
The features page says that where a case needs a lawyer's review, the system says so, and the consumer plan pairs a risk traffic light with a referral to a lawyer. Nothing describes what the product does when retrieval finds no statute or decision to support an answer.
Answers reason only from Swiss sources and are designed against invented citations, but nothing describes what Silex returns when the sources do not support an answer, or any confidence shown to the user.
Fabricated Citation Record
Does a public court record exist addressing fabricated or hallucinated legal citations in output from this product?
Damien Charlotin's AI Hallucination Cases database, which tracks court decisions worldwide on hallucinated AI content, has no entry naming Lulius, its operator Elivya or Voisa AI. Every Lulius answer carries a source reference under each statement, linked to the indexed statute or decision.
The AI Hallucination Cases database maintained by Damien Charlotin, which records court decisions worldwide that address hallucinated AI content and the tool involved where known, has no entry naming Silex or Ex Nunc Intelligence.
Bar Guidance Alignment
Has the vendor engaged in public with the ethics opinions its buyers are bound by?
Lulius explains AI use in a firm through statutes on its compliance page. It cites Article 28 of the GDPR, section 43e of the Federal Lawyers' Act, section 203 of the Criminal Code and, for tax advisers, section 57 of the Tax Advisers Act. No bar association guidance, professional code or ethics opinion on AI is named.
Professional secrecy under Article 321 of the Swiss Criminal Code is the frame for both the terms and the security page, which recall the statutory secrecy duty of attorneys, notaries and business agents. No bar association guidance on AI use is named.
Billing and Fee Posture
Does the vendor address what happens to the bill when the work takes an hour instead of six?
A lawyer quoted on the home page says he saves at least an hour of research per matter, and Lulius says lawyers spend 3.5 hours a day on research that it condenses to seconds. It sets the €99 Solo plan against less than one billable hour, and the Actaport integration transfers fee items from cost calculations into the case. Nothing addresses how AI assisted work is recorded, billed or disclosed to clients.
Law firms and notaries are the main buyers. The interface is described as built to maximize billable impact, with claims of less research time and up to 85% savings on database subscriptions. Nothing addresses how AI assisted research should be recorded or billed to a client.
Outside Counsel Guideline Readiness
Can a firm get this vendor through a client’s AI clause without a bespoke negotiation?
The privacy policy of May 2026 names six processors with location and role, including Anthropic through Amazon Bedrock as the model provider and Voyage AI for embeddings. The compliance page summarizes the secrecy and processing terms a firm needs under sections 43e and 203. The agreement's own list in its Annex 3 is visible only to registered professionals.
The security page accounts for each layer of the service: Infomaniak in Geneva for all data and backups, Azure in Switzerland North for processing only, and self hosted models with no outside AI provider. No client facing disclosure pack is offered.
Court Disclosure Support
If a judge’s standing order requires an AI disclosure, can the product produce one?
Lulius describes no record of the model used, the sources retrieved or the lawyer's check for a court filing, and gives no guidance on disclosing AI use to a court.
Citations from each answer carry into drafts exported to Word or PDF, so the sources behind a draft travel with it. Nothing records the model used or the human review behind a filing.
The questions both sides leave open
Derived from the records above rather than written, so it cannot favor either vendor. Take these into both conversations and ask each side the same question.
- AI Governance and Bias Disclosure
- Security Certifications and Trust Center
Which one fits
Choose Lulius if
- Your matters turn on German federal law. Lulius answers from more than 4,600 federal statutes and regulations and more than 80,000 federal court decisions.
- EU regulation runs through your work. Lulius covers regulations, directives and consolidated texts with case law of the Court of Justice and the General Court, including the GDPR and the AI Act.
- Your firm runs on Actaport. Lulius brings case files, deadlines and documents from Actaport straight into its chat.
Choose Silex if
- Your practice is Swiss. Silex answers from federal and cantonal legislation, decisions, doctrine and commentary, and narrows a question to one canton.
- Clients expect research in their own language. Silex works in French, German, Italian and English.
- Professional secrecy drives your data choices. Silex keeps all data on a Swiss owned cloud in Geneva, runs self hosted models and offers an Incognito mode that stores nothing.
In summary
Lulius
Lulius is an AI research platform for German law, operated by Elivya UG of Frankfurt am Main, a company of Voisa AI. It answers from federal statutes, federal court decisions and EU law with a citation under each statement. It also drafts opinions and letters, analyzes case files and pulls a firm's own templates into drafts with file and page references. According to the AI Legal Index, Lulius runs on Anthropic's Claude through Amazon Bedrock in Frankfurt, where accounts and documents are also stored.
Silex
Silex is a Swiss legal research platform from Ex Nunc Intelligence SA, an EPFL spin off in Lausanne, used by more than 800 law firms, notaries, fiduciaries and legal departments. It answers in four languages from federal and cantonal sources with full citations, drafts from its answers and runs agents for routine document tasks. According to the AI Legal Index, Silex stores all data in Geneva, processes it in Switzerland North and commits in its terms not to use client data to improve its AI.
Questions buyers ask
Which legal systems do Lulius and Silex cover?
Lulius covers German federal law and EU law, including Court of Justice and General Court decisions. Silex covers Swiss federal and cantonal law, with regulatory material such as FINMA circulars selectable in scope. From the AI Legal Index, based on each vendor's own published materials as of October 13, 2026. No vendor pays for placement.
Where do Lulius and Silex keep client data?
Lulius keeps data in Europe. Silex stores everything on Infomaniak in Geneva and processes it on Azure in Switzerland North with self hosted models, so no data leaves Switzerland. From the AI Legal Index, based on each vendor's own published materials as of October 13, 2026. No vendor pays for placement.
Can a firm use its own templates with Lulius or Silex?
Lulius stores a firm's templates and briefs and draws on them in drafts, citing file name and page. Silex's Silo lets a firm query its own contracts, templates and know how beside the public sources. From the AI Legal Index, based on each vendor's own published materials as of October 13, 2026. No vendor pays for placement.
Do Lulius and Silex work with other AI assistants and systems?
Lulius works as an MCP connector, so Claude, ChatGPT and Mistral can use it as a source for statutes and federal court decisions. Silex connects to applications such as SharePoint and signs users in through Entra ID, SAML or OpenID Connect. From the AI Legal Index, based on each vendor's own published materials as of October 13, 2026. No vendor pays for placement.
Do Lulius or Silex give legal advice?
Lulius gives general legal information and works with partner firms when reviewed advice is needed. Silex's terms state that nothing on the platform is personalized legal advice and that clients must judge each answer before using it. From the AI Legal Index, based on each vendor's own published materials as of October 13, 2026. No vendor pays for placement.
Neither vendor paid for inclusion, placement or a grade, and neither reviewed this page before it published. Everything on it comes from public material on the dates shown. How the index grades.
Lulius is operated by Elivya UG of Frankfurt am Main, which describes itself as a company of Voisa AI. Silex is made by Ex Nunc Intelligence SA of Lausanne. Neither vendor reviewed this page.