Darrow
Darrow works upstream of litigation, ingesting signals from regulatory filings, incident reports, litigation patterns and market activity and turning them into structured legal intelligence about where exposure is forming. The company describes itself as an AI lab built around a knowledge base connecting the laws that create obligations, the organisational weaknesses that emerge when they are not met, and the enforcement actions that follow, with agentic systems reasoning across that intelligence to identify and prioritise emerging opportunities. It sells to three segments, each with its own route: plaintiff and class action firms looking to identify litigation earlier and build case portfolios, insurers pricing litigation exposure, and corporate compliance teams monitoring their own external digital footprint. Published corporate figures include more than 22 billion dollars in legal exposure surfaced, over 80 organisations, more than 5 million signals detected monthly and over 10,000 active matters, with roughly thirty customer firms shown by name including Baron and Budd, Milberg, Girard Sharp, Bernstein Litowitz Berger and Grossmann, Nichols Kaster and Loevy and Loevy. Access is through a portal on an annual subscription with an Order Form, and the site notes that most of its production capacity is already reserved. The published terms of use name Anthropic and OpenAI as the AI service providers behind the product, reserve the right to change them without notice, and grant Darrow an irrevocable perpetual licence over customer data that expressly includes training foundation models. Darrow AI Inc. is a Delaware corporation with its principal place of business in New York.
Capability grades
All 15 axes, graded from public sources on the date shown. Hover a grade to see what the letter means on that axis.
AI Centrality
How much of the product is actually AI. Whether the machine learning is the mechanism the buyer is paying for or a feature layered onto conventional software, and whether the vendor is specific about which is which.
The models are the product and the agreement says so in terms. Section 8.3 states that the AI features are mandatory and integrated by default, and that a customer who does not accept the AI service providers' terms has no remedy other than to stop using the service. The published architecture is four layers of model work: ingesting raw signals at scale, interpreting them through legal context, reasoning across the result to prioritise and orchestrate action autonomously, and surfacing it to the teams responsible. Published throughput of more than 5 million signals detected monthly is not a volume a non-model system reaches. Remove the models and there is no product. Checked 4 September 2026.
Citation Accuracy and Hallucination Disclosure
Whether the vendor publishes measured accuracy on citations and assertions, grounds output to primary sources, and says plainly what its system does when it does not know. Legal has a documented public record of fabricated citations reaching filed briefs, so an untested claim of accuracy is not evidence.
Grounding is asserted without a mechanism a reader can inspect. The knowledge base is described in principle, connecting the laws that create obligations, the organisational weaknesses that emerge when they are not met, and the enforcement actions that follow, and the inputs are described by category as regulatory filings, incident reports, litigation patterns and market activity. Nothing describes how an output traces back to the signal that produced it: no citation, no source link, no retrieval method. Hallucination is addressed, but only as a disclaimer: section 8.3 records that generative AI involves uncertainties as to quality and accuracy and that the company has no control over output, and the trial terms disclaim liability for any undetected, misdetected or mischaracterised events, signals, risks or cases. No accuracy figure is published, no test set is described, and section 12.1 expressly disclaims any warranty of accuracy. The Research and Domain Coverage pages were not opened in this pass and are named here so the limit is visible.
Autonomy and Oversight Model
What the system decides on its own, what a lawyer must approve, and whether the vendor documents where the review point sits. A tool that drafts under review and a tool that files without one are different products and different risks.
Autonomy is claimed in plain terms and oversight is asserted without a mechanism. The published description of the agentic layer says advanced AI systems reason across the intelligence, identifying emerging opportunities, prioritising signals and orchestrating action autonomously, and the product is framed as an always-on legal red team. Against that, the only oversight statements are contractual disclaimers: section 8.3 provides that the customer is responsible for evaluating the results of its use of the AI features and that the service is not a substitute for legal advice, legal research and independent review. Nothing published describes what the system does unattended against what a person approves, no threshold is stated at which it escalates or stops, no review surface inside the portal is described, and nothing addresses what happens when a signal is wrong. Searched the home page and the terms of use on 4 September 2026; the platform, law firms and FAQ pages were not opened.
Operational and Outcome Evidence
Named, dated evidence that the product works in production at real firms or legal departments. Case studies with figures and identified customers count. Unattributed testimonials and launch announcements do not.
Substantial deployment evidence, with the names and the numbers on opposite sides of the page. Roughly thirty customer organisations are shown by name, and they are serious ones in this market: Baron and Budd, Milberg, Girard Sharp, Bernstein Litowitz Berger and Grossmann, Zuckerman Spaeder, Singleton Schreiber, Kahn Swick and Foti, Lynch Carpenter, Bailey and Glasser, Nichols Kaster, Loevy and Loevy, Wolf Haldenstein, Stephan Zouras, Schneider Wallace, Freed Kanner, Kozyak Tropin and Throckmorton and Consovoy McCarthy, alongside Microsoft and Armis on the corporate side. Figures are published at corporate level: more than 22 billion dollars in legal exposure surfaced, over 80 organisations, more than 5 million signals detected monthly, over 22,000 legal professionals and more than 10,000 active matters. What is missing is the join between them. No figure is attached to any named firm, no case study is published, nothing is dated, and there is no testimonial from a named individual anywhere on the surfaces read.
Privilege and Confidentiality Posture
How client confidences are handled: attorney client privilege and work product treatment, segregation of one client matter from another, whether client data trains any model, and what the vendor commits to in writing rather than in marketing.
Nothing published addresses how client confidences are handled, and the terms that do exist run the other way. The confidentiality regime at section 11 defines Confidential Information as non-public business, product, technology and marketing information, and does not bring Customer Data within that definition, so the mutual confidentiality obligations do not by their terms reach what a customer puts into the service. Section 5.1 grants the company and its sub-processors an irrevocable, perpetual, sub-licensable licence over Customer Data that expressly extends to training foundation models. Section 11.3 reserves a broad right to access, read, preserve and disclose any information obtained in connection with the service. Nothing addresses privilege or work product, nothing addresses segregation between customers or matters, and no retention period exists. What does exist is recorded for completeness: section 7.3 commits to reasonable industry-standard technical and organisational security measures to protect Customer Data, which is a security promise rather than a confidentiality one. Section 5.2 separately prohibits the customer from submitting protected health information.
UPL and Professional Responsibility Posture
Whether the vendor is clear that it supplies a tool rather than legal advice, who its audience is, and how it addresses unauthorized practice of law, competence and supervision duties, and jurisdiction limits. ABA Formal Opinion 512 is the reference point.
A disclaimer exists inside the terms and the product surfaces do not address the question. Section 8.3 states that the customer acknowledges the service is not a substitute for legal advice, legal research and independent review, and the trial terms go further, adding that it is not a substitute for audit, assessment or any medical, legal or regulatory conclusion and that the customer is solely responsible for obtaining necessary legal, medical, scientific or regulatory advice and for its own due diligence. Both sit inside AI-features and warranty clauses rather than in a dedicated position. Nothing on the home page or the segment pages addresses the question at all. No competence or supervision language appears, no rule of professional conduct is named, and jurisdiction is handled by disclaimer rather than by limit, with section 12.1 disclaiming any guarantee that output is suitable for the customer's jurisdiction. The product recommends which matters a firm should pursue, which makes the absence of a supervision position more material than the disclaimer acknowledges.
AI Governance and Bias Disclosure
Published governance over model behaviour: who owns it inside the vendor, what is tested before release, and what is disclosed about disparate output across matter types, parties, or populations.
No governance position is published for a system that decides which potential claims a firm sees. There is no responsible AI statement, no governance framework, no named owner accountable for model behaviour, no description of pre-release evaluation, no published testing results, and nothing on bias, which matters unusually here because the system prioritises signals and therefore determines which exposures surface and which do not. The company describes itself as an AI lab and publishes a Research page, which was not opened in this pass and is named here rather than credited, since a page title is not evidence of its contents. The agreement moves in the opposite direction, recording at section 8.3 that the company has no control over the output of the AI features. Searched the home page and the terms of use on 4 September 2026.
AI Safety and Data Stewardship
Retention, deletion, access control, and what happens to prompts and documents after they are processed. Whether the vendor states its subprocessors and its incident practice, or leaves the buyer to assume.
A generic security clause covers the product without addressing what happens to customer content after processing. Section 7.3 commits to reasonable industry-standard technical and organisational security measures during the subscription term, with no control named: no encryption standard, no access model, no logging, no testing cadence. There is no security page anywhere in the site navigation or footer, which is itself unusual at this customer tier. Retention is not addressed at all and section 10.4 provides only that after termination the company may delete Customer Data, which is permissive and sits against the perpetual licence granted at section 5.1. Sub-processors are acknowledged to exist at section 8.1 and none is named. No incident or breach notification practice was located. The privacy policy is incorporated by reference at section 7.1 and was not opened in this pass; section 7.1 is headed Privacy Policy and DPA but no data processing agreement is linked or published.
AI Liability and Recourse
What the vendor stands behind contractually when its output is wrong. Indemnities, caps, carve outs, insurance, and whether any of it is published or only reachable through a negotiated agreement.
A real published position, short of the full picture. Section 14.1 gives a company indemnity, narrow but genuine, covering third-party claims that the grant of the right to use the service infringes a valid United States patent, with five named exclusions and remedies at section 6.4, and the agreement states expressly that these are the sole and entire liability and exclusive remedy for intellectual property infringement. Section 13 caps aggregate liability at fees paid in the preceding twelve months, dropping to 50 US dollars for trial and pre-released services under section 2.3 and for the drug and device intelligence trial. What is absent is any warranty a buyer could invoke: section 12.1 disclaims accuracy, completeness, availability and security outright, section 8.3 states the company shall not be liable for the performance of the AI features and does not guarantee the accuracy or reliability of any output, and the trial terms disclaim liability for undetected or mischaracterised signals, risks or cases. No insurance position was located.
Practice Systems Integration Depth
How deeply the product reaches into the systems legal work already lives in: document management such as iManage and NetDocuments, Word and Outlook, contract lifecycle management, matter management, e-billing, and court filing systems.
No integration into practice systems was located. Section 8.4 of the agreement refers to integration with certain third-party applications as set forth in the company's documentation or within the service, and then spends the rest of the clause disclaiming responsibility for them, without naming a single one. No case management system, document management system, intake platform or CRM appears anywhere on the surfaces read, and there is no integrations page or developer documentation in the navigation or footer. This matters for the buyer segment named first on the site, since a plaintiff firm receiving case signals needs them to land in an intake or matter system. The Platform and Law Firms pages were not opened in this pass and are named here so the limit is visible. Checked 4 September 2026.
Deployment Model and Data Residency
Where the software runs and where the data sits. Multi tenant cloud, single tenant, private deployment, on premises, and whether region of residence is a published option or an enterprise conversation.
Nothing is published about where the software runs or where customer content sits. No region, country, hosting provider or data centre is named on any surface, and no tenancy model is described: nothing states whether the platform is single or multi-tenant or how one customer's data is separated from another's. The agreement says only, at section 8.1, that the service is hosted and made available by certain sub-processors, none of them named. No deployment option, private tier or residency commitment of any kind is offered. The one geographic signal is indirect, in the export control clause at section 15.1 referring to Israeli, United States or foreign export controls. Searched the home page, the terms of use, the site navigation and the footer on 4 September 2026.
Security Certifications and Trust Center
Independent attestation a buyer can pull without a sales call: SOC 2, ISO 27001, penetration test summaries, a trust center with current reports and named scope rather than a badge image.
No independent security attestation was located. No SOC 2, ISO 27001, HIPAA or any other framework is claimed anywhere, no auditor or certifying body is named, no report is offered at any access tier, and no penetration testing is mentioned. There is no security page and no trust centre: the site navigation carries Law Firms, Insurance, Compliance, Research and a Company menu, and the footer carries only a cookie policy, a privacy policy and the terms of use. The agreement offers section 7.3 alone, promising reasonable industry-standard measures without naming a standard. There are no unsupported badges on display either, which is why this sits at the floor on absence rather than on overclaiming. Checked home page, terms of use, site navigation and footer on 4 September 2026.
Model Supply Chain Disclosure
Which models sit underneath, whose they are, where they run, and whether the vendor commits to telling customers when that changes. A legal buyer inherits every dependency it cannot see.
Partial disclosure, with the providers named and change notification expressly refused. Section 8.3 identifies the AI service providers as third parties including Anthropic Claude and OpenAI, both rendered with spelling errors in the published text, and makes clear that the AI features are mandatory and integrated by default. That is more than most records in this corpus publish, and it appears in the agreement rather than in marketing. The same clause then removes the second limb: the company reserves the right to use different AI service providers at any time without providing prior notice, and a customer who objects to a current or future provider has no remedy but to stop using the service. The word including leaves the list non-exhaustive. No specific model or version is named, no location is given for inference, and no subprocessor list is published, with section 8.1 acknowledging sub-processors without identifying any.
Commercial Transparency
Whether a buyer can learn what this costs without entering a sales process: published rates, the unit being charged, what sits behind an enterprise tier, and what implementation adds.
No pricing information is published at any level, including the unit of charge. There is no pricing page in the navigation or the footer, no tier names, no feature split, no indication of whether charging is per user, per matter, per signal or per case, and no free trial or self-serve route. Every call to action resolves to requesting a demo, talking to the team or booking time. What the agreement reveals is the shape of the arrangement rather than its price: fees are set in an Order Form, stated in US dollars, payable annually in advance, non-cancelable and non-refundable, with automatic renewal unless cancelled 30 days before expiry and overage fees for excessive use. A banner stating that 78 per cent of production is already reserved suggests a capacity-constrained commercial model, which makes the absence of any published unit more significant rather than less. No VendorPricing row is written.
Firm and Practice Coverage
Who the product is actually built for. AmLaw, midlaw, small firm and solo, in house departments, government and courts, and which practice areas are supported rather than merely claimed.
Segment coverage is described with substance across three distinct buyers and the boundaries are left open. Each segment carries its own page and its own stated job: law firms identifying emerging litigation earlier and building case portfolios, insurers detecting exposure and pricing risk, and corporate compliance teams surfacing exposure across their external digital footprint. That is an unusually clear statement of who the product is for. Practice breadth is quantified as more than 50 legal exposure categories covered, and a Domain Coverage page exists in the footer, which was not opened in this pass. The named customer set corroborates the primary segment, being overwhelmingly plaintiff and class action firms. What is missing is the edge: no individual practice area is named on the surfaces read, no firm size is addressed, no jurisdiction of coverage is stated, and nothing says which exposure types or industries fall outside the system.
Legal Signals
What each signal meansA signal records what public sources say on the date shown. It is not a grade and it is not a recommendation. Where a signal reads Not addressed, it means the index did not locate the material in public sources on that date, which is a statement about disclosure rather than about the product.
Client Data in Training
Can material a lawyer puts into this product be used to train a model?
The published agreement expressly reserves a right to train on customer content, with no opt out located. Any de identification, anonymisation or aggregation qualifier is recorded in the summary.
The permission is express, sits in the agreement, and is the broadest located in this corpus. Section 5.1 has the customer grant the company and its sub-processors an irrevocable, perpetual, non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free, fully paid, sub-licensable right and licence to access, use, process, copy, download, store, distribute, create derivative works and display Customer Data, for the purpose of maintaining and developing the service, with training foundation models named inside that purpose. The licence is irrevocable and perpetual on its own words, so it does not end when the subscription does. Section 6.1 reinforces the direction of travel by vesting in the company any improvements and developments created as a result of processing Customer Data. No opt-out, no de-identification requirement and no carve-out for sensitive matters appears anywhere. The identical clause appears in all three agreements published on the terms page.
Prompt and Output Retention
How long does the product keep what a lawyer typed, and can that be set to zero?
Retention is acknowledged in public materials with no stated period.
Retention is touched in the agreement and no period is stated. Section 10.4 places the export obligation on the customer before termination and then provides that following termination the company may delete Customer Data without retaining any copy, which is permissive rather than a commitment and gives no window. No retention period applies during the subscription term, no deletion request route is described, and no certification of deletion is offered. The position sits against section 5.1, which grants an irrevocable and perpetual licence over the same Customer Data, so a deletion that is optional after termination coexists with a licence that by its terms does not expire. Searched the home page, the terms of use and the site footer on 4 September 2026; the privacy policy was not opened.
Ethical Walls and Matter Segregation
Does retrieval respect the firm’s ethical walls, or can the model read across them?
No located public material addresses walls or matter level segregation.
No located public material addresses walls or matter level segregation. Nothing states whether the platform is single or multi-tenant, how one customer's data is separated from another's, or how access is controlled within a customer account, and no role or permission model is described anywhere. The agreement's only adjacent provisions are account security obligations placed on the customer at section 03 and a general security promise at section 7.3. The question has a particular edge here because the named customers are plaintiff and class action firms that compete for the same matters, and the product allocates case signals among them, but nothing published addresses it. Searched the home page, the terms of use, the site navigation and the footer on 4 September 2026.
Third Party Request and Subpoena Notice
If someone subpoenas the vendor for a firm’s data, does the firm hear about it first?
Published terms or policy address disclosure to authorities or in response to legal process, and no commitment or reservation regarding customer notice is located anywhere. The vendor has told the customer that data can leave and has said nothing about whether the customer hears of it.
Two clauses bear on this and the one reaching customer content commits no notice. Section 11.3 reserves to the company the right to access, read, preserve and disclose any information it obtains in connection with the service as it reasonably believes necessary to satisfy any applicable law, regulation, legal process, subpoena or governmental request, with no notice obligation attached. Section 11.2(iv) does commit to best efforts to give prompt notice of compelled disclosure, but it runs to Confidential Information, which section 11.1 defines as non-public business, product, technology and marketing information and which does not by its terms include Customer Data. So the clause that clearly reaches what a customer puts into the service is the one without notice. Both are recorded here rather than resolved in the vendor's favour. No transparency report was located.
Primary Law Corpus Provenance
Where does the law in this product come from, and does the vendor have the right to use it?
No located public material identifies the corpus behind the product’s answers.
Input categories are described and no corpus is identified. The published material says signals are ingested from regulatory filings, incident reports, litigation patterns and market activity, and that a structured knowledge base connects the laws creating obligations, the organisational weaknesses that emerge, and the enforcement actions that follow. That describes what kind of material is used without naming any database, publisher, register or docket source, stating any jurisdiction of coverage, or addressing the rights basis on which any of it is held. Section 8.3 refers to reliance on various third-party data sources without identifying them. A Research page and a Domain Coverage page exist and were not opened in this pass; they are named so the limit is visible rather than presented as settled. Searched on 4 September 2026.
Good Law Verification
Does the product tell you when the authority it just cited has been overruled?
No located public material addresses whether authority is checked for subsequent history.
Nothing on any located surface addresses whether authority is checked for subsequent history. The product does not retrieve or present primary law as its output: it surfaces signals of emerging legal exposure drawn from filings, incident data and litigation patterns. The question bites only weakly on this product class, and the honest value is the absence rather than a penalty. Searched the home page, the terms of use and the site navigation on 4 September 2026.
Refusal and Uncertainty Behaviour
What does the product do when the answer is not in the corpus?
No located public material addresses what the product does when it cannot ground an answer.
No located public material describes what the product does when it cannot ground an output. The agreement acknowledges uncertainty extensively but only as allocation of risk: section 8.3 records that generative AI involves uncertainties as to content quality and accuracy and that the company has no control over the output, and the trial terms disclaim liability for undetected, misdetected or mischaracterised events, signals, risks or cases. None of that describes system behaviour. No abstention path, no no-answer state and no confidence or grounding score surfaced to the user is described anywhere, which is notable on a product whose stated function is prioritising signals. Searched the home page and the terms of use on 4 September 2026.
Fabricated Citation Record
Does a public court record exist involving output from this product?
No court order, opinion or disciplinary record naming this product has been located as of the date shown. This is a statement about the public record, not a finding about the product.
The AI Hallucination Cases database maintained by Damien Charlotin was searched on 4 September 2026 on both the product name Darrow and the corporate name Darrow AI. No court order, opinion or disciplinary record naming the product was located. This records the state of the public record on that date and is not a finding about the product.
Bar Guidance Alignment
Has the vendor engaged in public with the ethics opinions its buyers are bound by?
No located public material engages with bar or ethics guidance.
No located public material engages with bar or ethics guidance. No bar association, regulator, rule of professional conduct or ethics opinion is named anywhere in the terms of use, on the home page or in the segment pages. The nearest provisions are the disclaimers at section 8.3 and in the trial warranty clause stating the service is not a substitute for legal advice, legal research and independent review, which disclaim a role rather than engage published guidance. The gap is worth noting because case identification and client development are the areas of practice most closely governed by solicitation and referral rules, and nothing addresses them. Searched on 4 September 2026.
Billing and Fee Posture
Does the vendor address what happens to the bill when the work takes an hour instead of six?
No located public material addresses billing, fee or disclosure treatment.
No located public material addresses billing or fee disclosure. The published figures describe exposure surfaced and signals detected rather than time or cost saved, so there is not even a savings claim on the record. Nothing addresses how work originated through the platform should be billed or disclosed to a client, and nothing describes a per-matter record of AI-assisted work. The question has a distinctive shape here, since the product supplies case opportunities to contingency-fee firms rather than compressing billable work, but nothing published engages it in either form. Searched the home page, the terms of use and the site navigation on 4 September 2026.
Outside Counsel Guideline Readiness
Can a firm get this vendor through a client’s AI clause without a bespoke negotiation?
A current subprocessor or model provider list is published.
The model providers are named in a published document, which is what this value turns on, and nothing beyond that exists. Section 8.3 of the terms of use identifies the AI service providers as third parties including Anthropic Claude and OpenAI, so a firm can name who is behind the AI without asking. Three shortfalls are recorded rather than smoothed over: the word including leaves the list non-exhaustive, the same clause reserves the right to change providers at any time without prior notice so the disclosure cannot be relied on as current, and section 8.1 acknowledges sub-processors generally without naming any. Nothing addresses a client's consent or notification requirement, no forwardable client-facing pack exists, and although section 7.1 is headed Privacy Policy and DPA, no data processing agreement is linked or published anywhere on the site.
Court Disclosure Support
If a judge’s standing order requires an AI disclosure, can the product produce one?
No located public material addresses court disclosure or verification certification.
No located public material addresses producing a record of AI-assisted work. Nothing describes an export, an audit trail, a log of which signals or reasoning produced a given output, or any per-item record a firm could put in front of a court or a regulator. No model is recorded against an output, no human verification step is documented, and no disclosure guidance or template was located. The product's output is intelligence a firm acts on rather than a document it files, which softens the question without answering it, since a firm relying on surfaced exposure may still need to account for how a matter was identified. Searched the home page, the terms of use and the site navigation on 4 September 2026.