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Gaius-Lex
Gaius-Lex is an AI research and drafting agent for lawyers and tax advisers covering Polish, Czech, Austrian and German law. It is operated by FLATHUB sp. z o.o. of Krakow, which is the contracting party named in the terms of service, and is backed by Digital Ocean Ventures, which describes Gaius-Lex as its first investment. The product retrieves from a daily updated database of statutes, case law and tax interpretations, naming the Polish KRS company registry and the Eureka jurisprudence database alongside Constitutional Tribunal and Supreme Court rulings, and the equivalent primary sources for each of the other three jurisdictions.
Output is returned with a footnote and a link to the authority, and case signatures are checked for existence against the database. The platform is sold as SaaS, hybrid or on premise. The estate runs across three domains, gaius-lex.com in English, gaius-lex.pl in Polish and gaius-lex.de in German; the Polish estate carries the application, the contact address and the binding terms of service, which are governed by Polish law.
Capability grades
All 15 axes, graded from public sources on the date shown. Hover a grade to see what the letter means on that axis.
AI Centrality
How much of the product is actually AI. Whether the machine learning is the mechanism the buyer is paying for or a feature layered onto conventional software, and whether the vendor is specific about which is which.
The agent is the product. The terms of service define the paid services as putting questions to a language model and issuing instructions to it, and the metered unit of charge, called a Lex, is consumed per AI action. There is a classic text search alongside it, described in the terms as a separate service, but every function the product is sold on runs through the model.
Citation Accuracy and Hallucination Disclosure
Whether the vendor publishes measured accuracy on citations and assertions, grounds output to primary sources, and says plainly what its system does when it does not know. Legal has a documented public record of fabricated citations reaching filed briefs, so an untested claim of accuracy is not evidence.
Grounding is documented in unusual detail. Every thesis carries a footnote and a link to the regulation or ruling, case signatures are checked for existence against the database, and the vendor states that where confirmation is absent the system flags it rather than asserting. No accuracy rate, hallucination rate or published evaluation exists, which holds the row at B. Recorded alongside that, because the two sit in the same record: the marketing estate carries the absolute claims that the product never guesses and produces no hallucinations, while the terms of service state that the AI does not always answer in accordance with reality, name the phenomenon as hallucinating, and warn that it may materially affect the result.
The contractual limitation disclosure is genuinely candid and is credited here. The marketing absolute above it is not evidence.
Autonomy and Oversight Model
What the system decides on its own, what a lawyer must approve, and whether the vendor documents where the review point sits. A tool that drafts under review and a tool that files without one are different products and different risks.
The product is marketed at the high autonomy end, as an autonomous trainee that plans its own research and delivers drafts, and the vendor sets against that a contractual statement that generated content is never self standing, is to be treated only as a suggested formulation, and requires the user's own work at the concept, creation and review stages. A contractual constraint is materially stronger than a marketing assurance of human review, which is why this is a high B. It stays at B because it is a general statement rather than one attached to a named plan or mode stating what that tier's output may not be used for.
Operational and Outcome Evidence
Named, dated evidence that the product works in production at real firms or legal departments. Case studies with figures and identified customers count. Unattributed testimonials and launch announcements do not.
Checked 15 September 2026 across the English and Polish estates, including the mission, team, blog, guides and webinar surfaces. No named customer, no case study and no production figure of any kind is published by the vendor. There is substantial Polish trade press coverage and an investor blog post referencing dozens of early clients, but both are third party and the investor is not a neutral source. The product is plainly operating, with a live checkout, an application and four jurisdictions, and operating is not outcome evidence.
Privilege and Confidentiality Posture
How client confidences are handled: attorney client privilege and work product treatment, segregation of one client matter from another, whether client data trains any model, and what the vendor commits to in writing rather than in marketing.
Real controls exist: encryption in transit and at rest, automatic or manual anonymisation per document, and a contractual bar on the user submitting third party personal data at all unless a data processing agreement has been signed, with an obligation to anonymise every document until it is. Two things hold the row at C rather than B. First, neither privilege, work product nor professional secrecy is treated anywhere as a duty the vendor owes, and no matter level segregation is described.
Second, the confidentiality picture in the agreement runs against the marketing: the terms reserve a right to use query history to develop the vendor's AI algorithms, while the English estate states that client files, cases and analyses are never used to train any model by the vendor or any third party. The signal rows carry the detail.
UPL and Professional Responsibility Posture
Whether the vendor is clear that it supplies a tool rather than legal advice, who its audience is, and how it addresses unauthorized practice of law, competence and supervision duties, and jurisdiction limits. ABA Formal Opinion 512 is the reference point.
The strongest posture located on this axis in the corpus so far, and it is contractual rather than marketing. The terms state in terms that the provider does not supply legal assistance, that an answer does not constitute legal assistance, and that a user taking any legal step should consult a person professionally qualified to give it. Eligibility is restricted to entrepreneurs contracting in direct connection with their business or profession, consumers are routed to a separate individually negotiated arrangement through a dedicated address, and a separate student agreement grants an educational licence that expressly bars commercial, paid or professional use including during a law firm internship.
What holds it below A is that no bar or ethics guidance is named anywhere, and that the terms address Polish law while the product is now marketed across four jurisdictions, so the jurisdictional limits of the posture are not stated.
AI Governance and Bias Disclosure
Published governance over model behaviour: who owns it inside the vendor, what is tested before release, and what is disclosed about disparate output across matter types, parties, or populations.
Checked 15 September 2026 across both estates, the terms of service, the student terms and the privacy policy. No governance owner, no pre release testing description, no evaluation practice and no statement about output variation across matter types, jurisdictions or parties. The terms do disclose that the model is developed on limited data sets whose content the provider does not answer for, which is a limitation disclosure and is credited on Citation Accuracy rather than here.
AI Safety and Data Stewardship
Retention, deletion, access control, and what happens to prompts and documents after they are processed. Whether the vendor states its subprocessors and its incident practice, or leaves the buyer to assume.
The subprocessor position is the strongest element and is rare in this corpus: the privacy policy names the providers whose engines power the AI, being OpenAI, OctoML, Gladia, Anthropic and RunPod, and states that each processes under a data processing agreement using European Commission standard contractual clauses. The list has demonstrably been maintained, since an earlier published version named only two of the five.
Encryption at rest and in transit, per document anonymisation, account deletion within 24 hours of request, and an export of stored query history on account blocking are all published. Held at B by the absence of any stated retention period for documents or prompts and of any incident response practice.
AI Liability and Recourse
What the vendor stands behind contractually when its output is wrong. Indemnities, caps, carve outs, insurance, and whether any of it is published or only reachable through a negotiated agreement.
The position is published, specific and entirely negative, which is worth more to a buyer than silence and is why this sits above D. The terms exclude the provider's liability for the quality of AI output and set out six stated reasons, including that the system depends on third party providers running the AI engine, that the model is built on limited data sets, and that it may hallucinate. No indemnity, no liability cap, no carve out and no insurance position is published.
The terms also record that an individually negotiated agreement takes precedence where it conflicts, so an enterprise buyer may be able to negotiate something the published document does not offer.
Practice Systems Integration Depth
How deeply the product reaches into the systems legal work already lives in: document management such as iManage and NetDocuments, Word and Outlook, contract lifecycle management, matter management, e-billing, and court filing systems.
Checked 15 September 2026 across both estates, the feature pages and the terms of service. No document management system integration is published, and iManage, NetDocuments, SharePoint and OneDrive appear nowhere. There is no Word add in and no Outlook add in. The product is a browser application, defined in the terms as software run in a web browser, into which a user uploads files in listed formats. Documents live in the vendor's own store rather than in the firm's. This is the widest gap on the record against every firm facing competitor in the lane.
Deployment Model and Data Residency
Where the software runs and where the data sits. Multi tenant cloud, single tenant, private deployment, on premises, and whether region of residence is a published option or an enterprise conversation.
Deployment is genuinely strong: SaaS, hybrid and on premise are all published as buyer choices rather than enterprise conversations, and running locally is the core pitch of the product. Residency is where it comes apart, and the row is graded on both. The English estate states that every uploaded document is processed exclusively on servers within the European Economic Area and never routed outside it. The privacy policy names US incorporated providers among those receiving user queries, and an earlier published version of the same policy expressly contemplated transfers outside the European Economic Area under standard contractual clauses.
The on premise product may well resolve this, since nothing leaves the customer estate, but no surface states that the residency claim is scoped to one deployment shape. Published options earn the B; an unresolved residency claim prevents the A.
Security Certifications and Trust Center
Independent attestation a buyer can pull without a sales call: SOC 2, ISO 27001, penetration test summaries, a trust center with current reports and named scope rather than a badge image.
Checked 15 September 2026, including the Polish security page, both estates, the terms of service and the privacy policy. No SOC 2, no ISO 27001, no penetration test summary, no trust portal and no attestation of any kind, claimed or reachable, and no self serve request route. The European Union funding badge in the footer is a grant marque and not a certification. The architecture the vendor does publish is credited on AI Safety and Data Stewardship.
Model Supply Chain Disclosure
Which models sit underneath, whose they are, where they run, and whether the vendor commits to telling customers when that changes. A legal buyer inherits every dependency it cannot see.
Among the better disclosures in the corpus, and it sits in the privacy policy rather than in marketing. The vendor names five providers supplying the engines behind its AI: OpenAI, OctoML, Gladia, Anthropic and RunPod, with the transfer basis stated as standard contractual clauses. Comparing published versions shows the list being maintained as the stack changed. Two things hold it at B. No specific model or model version is named, only the providers.
And the disclosure is in tension with the marketing, which positions the product as running locally deployed small language models without connecting to public cloud AI services; naming OpenAI and Anthropic as recipients of user queries is a different architecture from the one the English estate describes. No commitment to notify customers when the list changes is located.
Commercial Transparency
Whether a buyer can learn what this costs without entering a sales process: published rates, the unit being charged, what sits behind an enterprise tier, and what implementation adds.
A buyer can price this without speaking to anyone. Two plans are published with rates, Gaius Standard at 159 euro per month net and Gaius Pro from 2,150 euro per month net, each with a live checkout, and a seven day full trial requires no card. The unit of charge is published and defined at length in the terms: a Lex is an internal accounting unit consumed per action, plans carry a stated Lex allowance, a consumption table sets the cost of each action, and the rules on top ups, carry over, freezing on non renewal and expiry after 90 days are all written down.
Team plans pool Lexes across seats with each additional seat priced. Billing periods of 30, 90 and 365 days are offered and price changes require 14 days notice with a right to cancel. A free tier and a student plan sit below the paid rate.
Firm and Practice Coverage
Who the product is actually built for. AmLaw, midlaw, small firm and solo, in house departments, government and courts, and which practice areas are supported rather than merely claimed.
Eight buyer segments are named with a distinct stated use for each: law firms, solo practitioners, tax advisers, courts, public administration, financial institutions, corporations and small and medium business, with a student plan alongside. Jurisdictional coverage is specific rather than claimed, naming the primary sources per jurisdiction across Poland, the Czech Republic, Germany and Austria. What holds it below A is firm size, which is addressed only through the two plan tiers and a team seat model, and the absence of any practice area breakdown beyond tax being called out separately.
2 public documents
The public pages on file for Gaius-Lex, with the recorded signals each one supports and the date it was last read. Open any of them and check the reading against the record.
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gaius-lex.pl/regulamin2 signals
Client Data in Training, Prompt and Output Retention
Read Sep 15, 2026
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Fabricated Citation Record
Read Sep 15, 2026
Legal Signals
What each signal meansA signal records what public sources say on the date shown. It is not a grade and it is not a recommendation. Where a signal reads Not addressed, it means the index did not locate the material in public sources on that date, which is a statement about disclosure rather than about the product.
Client Data in Training
Can material a lawyer puts into this product be used to train a model?
The published agreement expressly reserves a right to train on customer content, with no opt out located. Any de identification, anonymisation or aggregation qualifier is recorded in the summary.
The published terms of service, in force from 12 November 2025, state that the provider is entitled to use the history of queries a user submits during interaction with the AI in order to develop the AI algorithms through which it supplies the services. No opt out is located. The qualifier the vendor attaches is recorded here: the clause states that query histories will not contain third party personal data disclosed by the user, which is supported elsewhere in the same agreement by a bar on submitting third party personal data without a signed data processing agreement.
This record notes that the English marketing estate separately states that client files, cases and analyses are never used to train any AI model by the vendor or any third party. The grant is in the agreement and the denial is in marketing; the index records both and concludes neither.
Prompt and Output Retention
How long does the product keep what a lawyer typed, and can that be set to zero?
Retention is acknowledged in public materials with no stated period.
Retention of query history is acknowledged in several places in the terms without any period being stated. The provider undertakes to let a user export content stored under the services, named as query history, before an account is removed; an account inactive for over a year with no subscription may be deleted; and account deletion on request is completed within 24 hours, extending to 14 days where there are technical obstacles.
No retention window is published for prompts, outputs or uploaded documents while an account is live, and no zero retention setting is described.
Ethical Walls and Matter Segregation
Does retrieval respect the firm’s ethical walls, or can the model read across them?
No located public material addresses walls or matter level segregation.
No located material addresses ethical walls or matter level segregation. The question arrives differently here than for a document management integrated product, because this product has no such integration: documents are uploaded into the vendor's own store rather than retrieved from the firm's system, so there is no existing access model for it to inherit. Team plans are described in the terms as pooling a shared allowance across seats under an administrator, with no per matter or per user access boundary described. Checked 15 September 2026 across both estates, the terms of service and the privacy policy.
Third Party Request and Subpoena Notice
If someone subpoenas the vendor for a firm’s data, does the firm hear about it first?
No located term or policy addresses third party requests for customer data.
No commitment to notify a customer of a subpoena, law enforcement demand or other third party request for its data was located, and no discretion over notice is reserved either. The terms of service were reviewed in full and contain no clause on the subject. No transparency report is published. Checked 15 September 2026.
Primary Law Corpus Provenance
Where does the law in this product come from, and does the vendor have the right to use it?
Sources are identified without stating the licence or rights basis.
Sources are identified with unusual specificity for this corpus. Poland is described as statutes, common and administrative court rulings, tax interpretations, the KRS company registry, the Eureka jurisprudence database, Constitutional Tribunal and Supreme Court rulings; the Czech Republic as the Civil Code by act number plus Constitutional and Supreme Court rulings; Germany as BGB, HGB and BGH, BAG and BVerwG jurisprudence; Austria as ABGB, UGB, AVG and Oberster Gerichtshof rulings.
A daily update cadence is stated. No licence or rights basis is stated for any of it, although the terms describe results as depending on the availability of data gathered from publicly accessible websites publishing rulings, which points at a public source basis without asserting one.
Good Law Verification
Does the product tell you when the authority it just cited has been overruled?
No located public material addresses whether authority is checked for subsequent history.
The product verifies that a cited ruling exists, by checking case signatures and documents against its database, and compares lines of jurisprudence to identify a dominant judicial position. Neither is a treatment check. No located material states whether authority the product returns is tested for subsequent history, and no citator is named. The distinction matters on this record specifically, because existence verification is marketed prominently and a reader could take it for currency verification.
Refusal and Uncertainty Behaviour
What does the product do when the answer is not in the corpus?
The vendor describes refusal or abstention behaviour in public materials.
The vendor documents an explicit abstention behaviour: the system checks whether a signature or document exists in the database and, where confirmation is absent, flags that rather than presenting the answer as certain. The vendor's own phrasing is that it does not pretend to be sure. This is a described behaviour with a stated check rather than a disclaimer, which is why it records as documented. It is not demonstrable, because no published evaluation or worked example of the refusal path was located.
Fabricated Citation Record
Does a public court record exist addressing fabricated or hallucinated legal citations in output from this product?
No court order, opinion or disciplinary record addressing fabricated or hallucinated legal citations produced by this product has been located as of the date shown. This is a statement about the public record on that one subject, not a finding about the product, and this signal is not a litigation history.
No court order, opinion or disciplinary record addressing fabricated or hallucinated legal citations in output from this product was located as of 15 September 2026. The tracker searched was the AI Hallucination Cases database maintained by Damien Charlotin, alongside a general search of the public record. This is a statement about the public record on that one subject as of that date. It is not a finding about the product, and this signal is not a litigation history.
Bar Guidance Alignment
Has the vendor engaged in public with the ethics opinions its buyers are bound by?
Public materials refer to professional responsibility in general terms without naming guidance.
The terms of service engage with professional responsibility in general terms without naming any guidance. They state that the services are intended to support persons professionally providing legal assistance who have the knowledge and experience to use the results properly, that the services in no way replace legal assistance provided by professionals, and that a user taking any legal step should consult someone professionally qualified and holding the appropriate professional title.
No bar or ethics opinion is named, in Poland or in any of the other three jurisdictions the product covers, and no material is published that a firm could hand to its own risk committee.
Billing and Fee Posture
Does the vendor address what happens to the bill when the work takes an hour instead of six?
Public materials claim time savings without addressing billing or disclosure, and the product sits inside a fee relationship between a lawyer and a client where those savings would change the bill.
The vendor markets compressed time to the buyer, offering tax interpretations and dominant jurisprudence lines in minutes and a complete argument built in minutes, and the product is sold to law firms and solo practitioners who bill clients for that work. No located material addresses billing treatment, fee disclosure, or what a firm should tell a client about AI assisted work. The Lex consumption table gives a firm a precise record of what each action cost it in units, but that is an internal metering record priced to the firm and not a record of AI assisted work framed for a client bill.
Outside Counsel Guideline Readiness
Can a firm get this vendor through a client’s AI clause without a bespoke negotiation?
A current subprocessor or model provider list is published.
A current model provider list is published in the privacy policy, naming OpenAI, OctoML, Gladia, Anthropic and RunPod as the providers of the engines powering the AI, and stating that each processes under a data processing agreement incorporating European Commission approved standard contractual clauses. That is the artifact a firm needs when a client's outside counsel guidelines ask which model providers see its content, and it is reachable without an agreement in place.
It falls short of a disclosure pack because no client facing consent or notification material is published alongside it, and the list names providers rather than models.
Court Disclosure Support
If a judge’s standing order requires an AI disclosure, can the product produce one?
No located public material addresses court disclosure or verification certification.
No located material addresses court disclosure obligations, judicial standing orders or verification certification, and no export covering model used, sources retrieved and human verification is described. A full audit trail is claimed for the judiciary segment, but it is described as organising case material for a judge rather than as a record of AI assistance a filer could disclose. Checked 15 September 2026 across both estates, the terms of service and the privacy policy.