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Jurisage TOA Builder

Jurisage TOA Builder is a web tool that builds tables of authorities for briefs filed in United States courts. A user uploads a finished brief, the tool finds every legal citation and groups the authorities, and the user reviews and corrects the list before downloading a formatted table to insert into the brief. Jurisage describes the citation finding and grouping as AI driven and says the tables follow court specific rules for many state and federal courts.

It is sold per document with no subscription, and firms can prepay credits at discounted rates with central billing. A free demo runs on a built in test document. Jurisage says a task of two to four hours becomes a review of about ten minutes. TOA Builder is made by Jurisage Group Inc of Kitchener, Ontario, which also makes CiteRight, a citation and drafting platform for Canadian litigators with its own entry. Jurisage is joining Clio.

Alternatives

Alternatives to Jurisage TOA Builder

Vendors in the same categories as Jurisage TOA Builder whose graded profiles look most alike, with a line on what each product does.

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Ordered by how closely the graded profiles match across the 15 capability axes, inside the same categories. See how each axis is graded in the methodology.

Capability grades

All 15 axes, graded from public sources on the date shown. Hover a grade to see what the letter means on that axis.

BB on AI CentralityThe models are the engine of a core capability, layered on a product that would still function without them as a document or workflow system.

AI Centrality

How much of the product is actually AI. Whether the machine learning is the mechanism the buyer is paying for or a feature layered onto conventional software, and whether the vendor is specific about which is which.

The work the buyer pays for is finding and sorting the citations in a brief. Jurisage attributes that step to its AI, which identifies each citation, groups the authorities by type and hands the list to a person to confirm. Formatting the finished table to court rules and producing the download sit around that step. A citation parser built on rules could do part of the same job, so the AI drives the core task without being the whole product.

Source: Vendor Published
CC on Citation Accuracy and Hallucination DisclosureAccuracy is asserted without measurement, or grounding is claimed while output cites sources the reader cannot open and verify.

Citation Accuracy and Hallucination Disclosure

Whether the vendor publishes measured accuracy on citations and assertions, grounds output to primary sources, and says plainly what its system does when it does not know. Legal has a documented public record of fabricated citations reaching filed briefs, so an untested claim of accuracy is not evidence.

The product page promises accurate, compliant tables, and no accuracy figure, test set or error rate stands behind the promise. Output is a list of the citations already in the user's own brief, so nothing new is generated, but a citation can still be missed, misread or put under the wrong heading. Section 4.2 of the terms disclaims responsibility for incorrect formats, mischaracterized authorities, incomplete citations and wrong case names or reporters, and section 3.2 requires the user to verify every citation.

Source: Vendor Published
BB on Autonomy and Oversight ModelA written commitment that the models work alongside a supervising lawyer, with real review surfaces, short of the full control structure: commonly the threshold at which the system stops or what happens after it is wrong.

Autonomy and Oversight Model

What the system decides on its own, what a lawyer must approve, and whether the vendor documents where the review point sits. A tool that drafts under review and a tool that files without one are different products and different risks.

Review is a fixed step in the workflow. After upload, the extracted citations appear for the user to review, edit and confirm before any table is generated, and Jurisage presents this as keeping the team in control. Section 3 of the terms puts the user solely and ultimately in charge of anything filed and names what the user must verify: case names and citations, pinpoints, local rules, subsequent history and categories. Nothing describes when the tool flags a citation it is unsure of, or what happens after an error reaches a filing.

Source: Vendor Published
CC on Operational and Outcome EvidenceCustomer logos and unattributed testimonials stand in for evidence, or results are quoted with no basis stated.

Operational and Outcome Evidence

Named, dated evidence that the product works in production at real firms or legal departments. Case studies with figures and identified customers count. Unattributed testimonials and launch announcements do not.

Customer voices are anonymous: a senior partner at a litigation firm of more than 100 lawyers, a law librarian at a national firm, counsel in corporate litigation and a litigation support manager. The outcome claims, a manual table of two to four hours replaced by about ten minutes of review and a 75 to 90% cut in staff time, carry no named customer or method. No case study, named firm or usage count is given.

Source: Vendor Published
CC on Privilege and Confidentiality PostureConfidentiality is asserted in general terms, or the commitment lives only in a sales conversation and cannot be read in advance.

Privilege and Confidentiality Posture

How client confidences are handled: attorney client privilege and work product treatment, segregation of one client matter from another, whether client data trains any model, and what the vendor commits to in writing rather than in marketing.

Uploaded briefs stay the user's property. Section 8.1 of the TOA Builder terms grants Jurisage a limited license to process them solely to provide the service. Section 8.3 treats every uploaded document as confidential, to be disclosed only as needed to provide the service or as the law requires. Section 10.3 leaves compliance with privilege and work product rules to the user. Training on uploaded briefs is not mentioned, no retention or deletion period is stated, and nothing describes how one firm's documents are kept apart from another's.

Source: Vendor Published
BB on UPL and Professional Responsibility PostureA real position is published on advice versus tooling, short of full treatment: commonly a disclaimer without the supervision and competence dimension, or silence on jurisdiction limits.

UPL and Professional Responsibility Posture

Whether the vendor is clear that it supplies a tool rather than legal advice, who its audience is, and how it addresses unauthorized practice of law, competence and supervision duties, and jurisdiction limits. ABA Formal Opinion 512 is the reference point. Where the advice line is not the duty a product raises, the axis is read through the nearest professional duty it does raise: judicial conduct rules and the reviewing duty for products sold only to courts, and the duty to bill for time actually spent for products that draft time entries.

Section 2 of the terms describes an automated tool that assists legal professionals in document preparation and is no substitute for professional judgment and review. Section 3.3 states that no legal advice or representation is given and no attorney client relationship arises. Under section 7.1 the user acknowledges that the tool does not lessen the duty of competent representation or the rules of professional conduct.

Candor to the tribunal and supervision of work product are named as well, and section 7.2 warns that malpractice cover may not reach errors from automated tools. Use is not limited to lawyers, and the courts supported are not listed.

Source: Vendor Published
DD on AI Governance and Bias DisclosureNo governance position published for a system whose output affects legal outcomes.

AI Governance and Bias Disclosure

Published governance over model behavior: who owns it inside the vendor, what is tested before release, and what is disclosed about disparate output across matter types, parties, or populations.

No AI policy, principles, testing method or accountable owner is published for TOA Builder or for Jurisage. The product page describes the AI only as finding, grouping and formatting citations with a person checking afterward, and nothing addresses how the tool performs across courts, citation styles or unusual authorities.

Source: Operator Verified
CC on AI Safety and Data StewardshipA generic privacy policy covers the product without addressing what happens to documents and prompts after processing.

AI Safety and Data Stewardship

Retention, deletion, access control, and what happens to prompts and documents after they are processed. Whether the vendor states its subprocessors and its incident practice, or leaves the buyer to assume.

Personal information gathered through registration, site use and cookies falls under Jurisage's privacy policy, with access limited to staff who need it and physical, electronic and procedural safeguards. That policy does not address uploaded briefs. Section 10.2 of the TOA Builder terms promises reasonable security measures while noting that absolute security cannot be guaranteed. No retention period, deletion route, subprocessor list or incident practice is given for the documents a firm uploads.

Source: Vendor Published
CC on AI Liability and RecourseLiability is addressed only through a standard limitation clause that disclaims the exposure the product creates.

AI Liability and Recourse

What the vendor stands behind contractually when its output is wrong. Indemnities, caps, carve outs, insurance, and whether any of it is published or only reachable through a negotiated agreement.

Section 4.4 caps Jurisage's total liability at the amount paid for the specific document processing behind the claim. Section 4.3 excludes direct and indirect damages, naming court sanctions, lost cases and appeals, malpractice claims and harm to professional reputation. The service is provided as is, accuracy included, and the user indemnifies Jurisage for any table submitted to a court. Fees for a processed document are not refundable.

Source: Vendor Published
DD on Practice Systems Integration DepthNo integration into practice systems located, or the product stands alone and requires work to move to it.

Practice Systems Integration Depth

How deeply the product reaches into the systems legal work already lives in: document management such as iManage and NetDocuments, Word and Outlook, contract lifecycle management, matter management, e-billing, and court filing systems.

TOA Builder stands alone in the browser. A user uploads the finished brief, downloads the generated table and inserts it into the original document by hand. No Word add in, document management connection or filing system link is described for it, unlike CiteRight's Word add in from the same company.

Source: Operator Verified
CC on Deployment Model and Data ResidencyCloud delivery is implied and neither the tenancy model nor the region is stated.

Deployment Model and Data Residency

Where the software runs and where the data sits. Multi tenant cloud, single tenant, private deployment, on premises, and whether region of residence is a published option or an enterprise conversation.

Delivery is a hosted service: a secure, web based tool reached at toabuilder.jurisage.com. Where it runs, which cloud holds uploaded briefs and in which country they are processed are not stated. The terms are governed by Ontario law, which says nothing about where data sits.

Source: Vendor Published
CC on Security Certifications and Trust CenterBadges appear on the site with no scope, no date, and no report available.

Security Certifications and Trust Center

Independent attestation a buyer can pull without a sales call: SOC 2, ISO 27001, penetration test summaries, a trust center with current reports and named scope rather than a badge image.

SOC2 compliance and enterprise level security are claimed for Jurisage. No report type, auditor, scope or period is given, and there is no trust center or route to request a report.

Source: Vendor Published
DD on Model Supply Chain DisclosureNothing published about the model supply chain a customer inherits.

Model Supply Chain Disclosure

Which models sit underneath, whose they are, where they run, and whether the vendor commits to telling customers when that changes. A legal buyer inherits every dependency it cannot see.

The models behind TOA Builder are not described: whether citation finding uses a language model, a trained classifier or a parser, whose model it is, or where it runs. Jurisage refers only to its AI.

Source: Operator Verified
BB on Commercial TransparencyReal pricing is published for part of the range, with enterprise tiers withheld, or the unit and structure are stated without the figure.

Commercial Transparency

Whether a buyer can learn what this costs without entering a sales process: published rates, the unit being charged, what sits behind an enterprise tier, and what implementation adds.

Pricing is per document. Each brief processed is a separate charge, with no subscription, setup or IT work, and a fee is not refunded once a table has been generated. Firms with steady volume can prepay credits for several briefs at discounted rates with central billing. Jurisage pitches the per brief price as less than two hours of staff time and states in its terms that pricing is shown before purchase, but no figure appears outside the signed in tool.

Source: Vendor Published
BB on Firm and Practice CoverageSegment and practice coverage is described with substance, short of the boundaries: what is supported is clear, what is not is left open.

Firm and Practice Coverage

Who the product is actually built for. AmLaw, midlaw, small firm and solo, in house departments, government and courts, and which practice areas are supported rather than merely claimed.

The tool serves litigators filing briefs in United States courts, from a lawyer working alone to large firms with paralegals, associates and litigation support staff. Firm managers are addressed directly, on the cost of time written off for tables of authorities. Support is described as many state and federal courts with growing coverage, without a list of the courts or citation formats covered.

Source: Vendor Published
Sources on file

2 public documents

The public pages on file for Jurisage TOA Builder, with the recorded signals each one supports and the date it was last read. Open any of them and check the reading against the record.

Legal Signals

What each signal means

A signal records what public sources say on the date shown. It is not a grade and it is not a recommendation. Where a signal reads Not addressed, it means the index did not locate the material in public sources on that date, which is a statement about disclosure rather than about the product.

Confidentiality and Privilege

Client Data in Training

Can material a lawyer puts into this product be used to train a model?

Purpose limited, in the contract

The customer agreement or data processing addendum contractually limits use of Customer Data to providing the contracted service, and no surface names training either way. The limit is bound, which a policy page is not, but it is not an express training prohibition. If any surface names training in either direction, one of the other values is true and this one is not.

Section 8.1 of the TOA Builder terms grants Jurisage a limited, non exclusive license to process uploaded documents solely for the purpose of providing the service, and the user keeps all rights in them. Training is not mentioned. Jurisage's privacy policy says personal information is used to improve its services, which concerns account and site data rather than the briefs.

Source: Vendor Publishedprocess the documents solely for the purpose of providing the ServicesAs of Oct 13, 2026Evidence

Prompt and Output Retention

How long does the product keep what a lawyer typed, and can that be set to zero?

Not addressed

No located public material states how long prompts and outputs are retained.

How long uploaded briefs, extracted citations and generated tables are kept is not stated. Account cancellation is described, but nothing says whether the documents are deleted with it.

Source: Operator VerifiedAs of Oct 13, 2026

Ethical Walls and Matter Segregation

Does retrieval respect the firm’s ethical walls, or can the model read across them?

Not addressed

No located public material addresses walls or matter level segregation.

Each brief is processed as a separate upload, and firms can pool prepaid credits with central billing. Nothing describes who inside a firm can see another user's documents, or how firms are kept apart.

Source: Operator VerifiedAs of Oct 13, 2026

Third Party Request and Subpoena Notice

If someone subpoenas the vendor for a firm’s data, does the firm hear about it first?

Disclosure addressed, notice absent

Published terms or policy address disclosure to authorities or in response to legal process, and no commitment or reservation regarding customer notice is located anywhere. The vendor has told the customer that data can leave and has said nothing about whether the customer hears of it.

Section 8.3 of the TOA Builder terms treats uploaded documents as confidential and allows their contents to be disclosed as necessary to provide the service or as required by law. No notice to the user before a legally required disclosure is promised or reserved.

Source: Vendor Publishedexcept as necessary to provide the Services or as required by lawAs of Oct 13, 2026Evidence
Accuracy and Authority

Primary Law Corpus Provenance

Where does the law in this product come from, and does the vendor have the right to use it?

Not addressed

No located public material identifies the corpus behind the product’s answers.

Only the citations already in a user's brief are processed, and no law is retrieved, so no legal content source or license is involved.

Source: Operator VerifiedAs of Oct 13, 2026

Good Law Verification

Does the product tell you when the authority it just cited has been overruled?

Prompts the user to verify

The product instructs the reader to check the citation without performing the check.

Section 3.2 of the terms makes the user verify every citation, including checking subsequent history and the validity of each authority, along with case names, pinpoints, local rules and categories. The tool lists and formats authorities without checking whether they remain good law.

Source: Vendor PublishedChecking for subsequent history and validity of authoritiesAs of Oct 13, 2026Evidence

Refusal and Uncertainty Behavior

What does the product do when the answer is not in the corpus?

Not addressed

No located public material addresses what the product does when it cannot ground an answer.

How the tool handles a citation it cannot read or classify is not described. The extracted list goes to the user for review and correction, with no stated flag for uncertain items.

Source: Operator VerifiedAs of Oct 13, 2026

Fabricated Citation Record

Does a public court record exist addressing fabricated or hallucinated legal citations in output from this product?

None located

No court order, opinion or disciplinary record addressing fabricated or hallucinated legal citations produced by this product has been located as of the date shown. This is a statement about the public record on that one subject, not a finding about the product, and this signal is not a litigation history.

The AI Hallucination Cases database maintained by Damien Charlotin, which records court decisions worldwide that address hallucinated AI content and the tool involved where known, has no entry naming TOA Builder or Jurisage. The tool indexes citations a lawyer has already written rather than generating authorities.

Source: Operator VerifiedAs of Oct 13, 2026Evidence
Professional Responsibility

Bar Guidance Alignment

Has the vendor engaged in public with the ethics opinions its buyers are bound by?

Generic reference

Public materials refer to professional responsibility in general terms without naming guidance.

Section 7.1 of the terms has the user acknowledge continuing duties of competent representation, the applicable rules of professional conduct, candor to tribunals and supervision of work product. No ethics opinion, ABA Formal Opinion 512 included, or state bar guidance is named.

Source: Vendor PublishedAs of Oct 13, 2026Evidence

Billing and Fee Posture

Does the vendor address what happens to the bill when the work takes an hour instead of six?

Savings claims only

Public materials claim time savings without addressing billing or disclosure, and the product sits inside a fee relationship between a lawyer and a client where those savings would change the bill.

Law firms are the target, with the tool pitched as an end to written off hours, since courts and clients scrutinize bills and will not approve two hours for a table. Jurisage claims a 75 to 90% cut in staff time. Nothing addresses how the per document fee or the remaining review time should appear on a client's bill.

Source: Vendor PublishedAs of Oct 13, 2026

Outside Counsel Guideline Readiness

Can a firm get this vendor through a client’s AI clause without a bespoke negotiation?

Not addressed

No located public material supports a client side disclosure obligation.

No subprocessor list, model provider or client facing disclosure material is offered. The privacy policy refers only to trusted partners working under confidentiality agreements, without naming them.

Source: Operator VerifiedAs of Oct 13, 2026

Court Disclosure Support

If a judge’s standing order requires an AI disclosure, can the product produce one?

Not addressed

No located public material addresses court disclosure or verification certification.

The output is a table of authorities for filing, and nothing records how it was produced or who reviewed it. The terms leave everything submitted to a court with the user, and no disclosure template or certification support is offered.

Source: Operator VerifiedAs of Oct 13, 2026
Contact

Correct a record, or ask how something was graded

Every grade and every signal on this index is drawn from public sources and dated. If a record is wrong, out of date, or missing an artifact the index did not locate, send the source and it will be reviewed and the record redated. Vendors are welcome to submit documentation. Nothing on this index is for sale, including a listing, a placement, or a grade.

AI Legal Index

The AI Legal Index is an independent index that tracks changes to AI vendors in legal. It holds 430 vendors across 9 categories, each graded on the same 15 capability axes and recorded against 12 legal signals, from public sources. No vendor pays for inclusion, placement, or rating.

Index Status
Last index update
October 14, 2026
The AI Legal Index is an editorial reference. It is not a regulatory body, not a law firm, and nothing published here is legal advice or a recommendation to retain or avoid a vendor. Records are verified against published sources, bar guidance and public court records. Where a record reads not addressed, the material was not located in public sources on the date shown. See the Methodology page for evaluation standards and limitations.
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